Bari Region in Somalia Reveals Ancient Maritime Past Through Archaeological Sites
The Bari region in northeastern Somalia, part of the autonomous state of Puntland, possesses a rich maritime history closely linked to the ancient frankincense trade. Archaeological sites such as Damo, Botiala, and old Alula provide evidence of this long past, indicating coastal settlements that connected the Horn of Africa with Arabia, Persia, and markets across the Indian Ocean. Cape Guardafui (Ras Caseyr) and Ras Hafun have historically served as crucial navigation landmarks for centuries. While pastoralism, fishing, and frankincense harvesting remain central to local life, the region's history is deeply intertwined with its coastal trade routes. Bari is organized into six districts, with Bosaso serving as the regional capital and main commercial gateway, featuring a busy port. Qandala and Alula retain their old coastal character, while Qardho serves the interior.
