Dutch Reverse-Electrodialysis Plant Faces Challenges in Scaling Osmotic Power
The world's first reverse-electrodialysis power plant, located on the Afsluitdijk in the Netherlands, has been operational since 2014. This plant generates electricity by using stacks of membranes to harness the energy from the mixing of saltwater and freshwater. Despite its pioneering status, the plant has faced challenges in scaling up its technology. The follow-up installation, with a total investment of €11.13 million, is rated at 16.5 kilowatts, enough to power about 40 households. The technology's reliance on natural surface water has led to issues with organic fouling and energy efficiency, highlighting the difficulties in achieving grid-scale osmotic power. 
