South Africa's Coal Transition Faces Challenges with Abandoned Mines and Environmental Concerns
South Africa is undergoing a significant transition from coal-fired electricity to renewable energy sources. However, this shift is complicated by the legacy of abandoned coal mines, which have not been properly rehabilitated. A report by the Centre for Environmental Rights highlights that none of the 412 coal mines closed between 2006 and 2023 had sufficient funds set aside for land rehabilitation. This has resulted in environmental damage, including contaminated water and radioactive waste, which poses long-term risks to surrounding communities. The Mpumalanga region, a hub for coal mining and power generation, is particularly affected. Environmentalists criticize the South African government for inadequate enforcement of regulations that require mining companies to clean up after operations cease. 
