Jupiter's Moon Europa's Thick Ice Shell Challenges Exploration Efforts
Recent measurements from NASA's Juno mission reveal that Jupiter's moon Europa has a thick ice shell, estimated to be 29 kilometers deep, covering a vast saltwater ocean. This finding suggests that the ice is thicker than previously thought, posing significant challenges for future missions aiming to explore the ocean beneath. The data was collected using Juno's Microwave Radiometer, which measured the ice's thickness by analyzing microwave emissions. This discovery shifts the scientific debate towards a thicker ice shell, complicating efforts to study Europa's potential habitability. 
