U.S. and China Pursue Divergent Paths in AI Competition Towards Artificial General Intelligence
A forthcoming report from the Center for Security and Emerging Technology (CSET) indicates that the United States and China are pursuing different conceptions of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), leading to divergent paths in their AI competition. While the U.S. primarily defines AGI in terms of human-level intellectual capabilities across cognitive tasks, China places greater emphasis on extending intelligent capabilities to physical and social systems. The U.S. holds an advantage in computing resources, frontier reasoning models, private investment, and influential research institutions. In contrast, China possesses formidable engineering capacity, a large technical workforce, expanding electrical infrastructure, and the ability to deploy AI in physical environments at scale. The report highlights that China's sustained interest in embodied AI, brain-inspired computing, and human-machine cognition could leverage its strengths in robotics, manufacturing, electric vehicles, and industrial automation, ...