India Implements New Labor Reforms to Protect Migrant Workers
India has introduced significant labor reforms aimed at improving the conditions for inter-state migrant workers. The Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions (Central) Rules, 2026, were notified on May 8, 2026, marking a pivotal shift in labor policy. These rules operationalize the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020, which had been pending full implementation. The reforms redefine 'inter-state migrant workers' to include those who move independently, without contractors, and earn up to Rs 18,000 per month. Key changes include mandatory appointment letters, a digital database for tracking workers, and portability of ration cards under the One Nation One Ration Card scheme. The reforms aim to address issues highlighted by the COVID-19 migration crisis, such as lack of documentation and access to benefits.