UNCTAD Highlights Challenges in African Continental Free Trade Area Implementation
The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) has highlighted significant challenges in the implementation of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). Despite being the largest free trade agreement by country count, covering 54 states, the AfCFTA faces hurdles such as the complexity of cross-border payments and the lack of a unified settlement currency. The agreement, which entered into force in 2021, aims to increase intra-African trade, which currently accounts for less than 15% of the continent's total trade. However, the absence of a direct settlement mechanism for African currencies, which often require conversion through foreign banks, adds cost and complexity to transactions. The Pan-African Payment and Settlement System (PAPSS) has been developed to address these issues, but its current scale is limited, covering only a fraction of the market.