International Criminal Court Holds Jurisdiction Over War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity, and Genocide
The International Criminal Court (ICC) was established with the mandate to prosecute individuals for the most serious crimes of concern to the international community: genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and the crime of aggression. Its jurisdiction specifically extends to war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide committed during periods of armed conflict. The foundational document for the ICC, the Rome Statute, outlines these four core crimes and establishes the principle of complementarity. This principle dictates that the ICC will only intervene when national courts are either unwilling or genuinely unable to prosecute these crimes themselves. The ICC operates under the premise that head of state immunity does not apply in cases falling under its jurisdiction, allowing for the prosecution of high-ranking officials. However, it is important to note that individuals cannot initiate private prosecutions directly within the ICC.