China-India Relations Show Improvement Amidst Persistent Strategic Rivalry
Relations between China and India are experiencing a gradual improvement, marked by sustained diplomatic engagement and practical cooperation. A significant step in this positive trajectory was the meeting between President Xi Jinping and Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the September 2026 BRICS summit, where both leaders expressed a willingness to strengthen economic ties and multilateral cooperation. This recovery follows a deterioration in relations after the 2020 Galwan border clashes. Recent advancements include the resumption of direct flights, the easing of certain investment restrictions, and renewed high-level dialogue. The Economist Intelligence Unit's (EIU) GeoSync dataset, which tracks bilateral relationships between G20 countries, indicates a steady recovery in the China-India Bilateral Relations Index since 2020. Despite these improvements, strategic competition between the two nations persists, driven by unresolved border disputes, regional rivalries, and economic security concerns.