U.S. and China Navigate Strategic Rivalry Amidst Economic Interdependence and Technological Competition
The United States and China are engaged in a complex strategic rivalry characterized by economic interdependence, technological competition, and ideological divergence. Despite being each other's largest trading partners, with over $700 billion in annual trade, both nations are pursuing policies to reduce dependency on each other's supply chains, particularly in high-tech sectors. The U.S. has implemented export controls on advanced chips, artificial intelligence, and quantum computing, citing national security concerns. China has responded with state-backed investments in domestic innovation, emphasizing self-sufficiency through initiatives like 'Made in China 2025.' This recalibration reflects a cautious effort to mitigate systemic risk without completely unraveling decades of economic integration. The U.S. Congressional-Executive Commission on China (USCC) emphasizes the need to balance competition with dialogue to prevent escalation and preserve channels for crisis avoidance. The rivalry extends beyond...