NASA Confirms SpaceX Rocket Stage Impact on Moon, Raises Concerns Over Lunar Debris
A SpaceX Falcon 9 upper stage impacted the Moon near Einstein Crater on August 5, 2026, at a speed of 2.43 kilometers per second. The rocket stage, part of NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services program, had been in an uncontrolled orbit for over 18 months. It originally launched in January 2025, carrying payloads for Firefly Aerospace and ispace. The impact was confirmed by NASA researcher Kelsey Young. Although no spacecraft captured the collision, South Korea's Danuri orbiter imaged the region before and after the event. Ground-based observatories, including the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope, detected sodium and lithium gas plumes from the impact, indicating vaporized lunar soil and materials from the rocket stage.