Astronomers Use Lasers to Create 'Artificial Stars' for Atmospheric Measurement
Astronomers at the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) in Chile are utilizing lasers to create 'artificial stars' in the sky. This technique is employed to measure atmospheric turbulence, which can distort astronomical observations. By observing how these laser-created points of light blur and disturb molecules in Earth's atmosphere, scientists can use computer algorithms to account for and cancel out these disturbances. This method, known as adaptive optics, is still in its developmental stages and is used by only a few observatories worldwide. The VLTI, which consists of four separate telescopes working together as one large virtual telescope, has been using this system since 2016.