Sahel Gold Mines Fuel Terrorist Groups in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger
Terrorist groups, including Jama’at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM) and Islamic State Sahel Province (ISSP), are increasingly targeting gold mines and surrounding communities in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger. These groups use the mines as a source of revenue, recruits, and weaponry, such as explosives. Burkina Faso is particularly affected, accounting for 75% of all mining-related violence in the Alliance of Sahelian States (AES) countries. Instead of directly attacking the mines, JNIM and ISSP establish control over nearby towns and roads, then tax or extort miners and traders, often in gold, which can be easily stored and laundered. The Inata mine in northern Burkina Faso, first targeted in 2018, was closed by the ruling junta in 2024 and is now reportedly under JNIM control. The Liptako-Gourma region, where the three AES countries meet, is a contested zone between JNIM and ISSP and hosts significant gold mines like Essakane and Samira.