
Makhana, or fox nut, has emerged as a popular superfood in India and abroad, praised for its health benefits. India produces most of the country’s supply, with Bihar accounting for nearly 85% of production.
Yet, in districts like Madhubani, farmers and labourers who cultivate this labour-intensive crop continue to struggle, often complaining about inadequate returns for their hard work.Makhana grows in shallow ponds and wetlands, and harvesting it is a gruelling process. Entire families, from children to elderly men, dive into muddy waters to collect the crop, often for minimal earnings. “We go to school and harvest during holidays,” said one young worker. “It helps us earn money for food and household needs.”Ahead of the Bihar Assembly elections in November, those at the lower rungs of the industry are seeking government support. “We want the government to help us build homes and provide loans so we can continue our work and support the community,” said one labourer. With voting for the 243-member assembly less than a month away, makhana farmers and labourers hope their concerns will be addressed, and the next government will improve their livelihoods and ensure fair compensation for their efforts.