Most people believe that exercise, daily step counts, and body weight are the only measures that matter for heart health. While physical activity is important, it doesn’t tell the full story of how your
heart is functioning. Several simple but lesser-known medical tests can offer deeper insight into cardiovascular risk, often long before symptoms appear. Understanding these markers can help you make more targeted, long-term decisions to protect your heart.
Dr Surendra Nath Khanna, Chairperson, Adult Cardiac Surgery & Heart–Lung Transplant, Artemis Hospitals, shares all you need to know:
Why Tests Matter More Than Just Fitness
It is possible to look fit and still be at risk for heart disease. Cardiovascular conditions often develop silently over many years. Diagnostic tests can reveal early changes in blood vessels, cholesterol quality, inflammation levels, and heart rhythm. When identified early, many of these issues can be addressed through lifestyle modifications rather than medication.
High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) Test
This blood test measures low-grade inflammation in the body. Chronic inflammation plays a significant role in the development of heart disease and arterial damage. Elevated hs-CRP levels may indicate a higher risk of cardiovascular events, even when cholesterol levels appear normal. This test is particularly useful for individuals with a family history of heart disease.
Lipoprotein (a) Test
Lipoprotein (a), or Lp(a), is a genetically determined form of cholesterol that is not measured in standard lipid profiles. High levels can significantly increase the risk of heart attack and stroke, even in young, active individuals. Since Lp(a) levels are inherited, early testing can help assess lifelong cardiovascular risk.
Coronary Calcium Score
This non-invasive CT scan detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. The presence of calcium indicates plaque buildup, which can restrict blood flow over time. A higher calcium score corresponds to a higher risk of heart disease. This test is especially helpful for people over 40 or those unsure whether they require aggressive preventive measures.
Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Test
Heart rate variability reflects how well the heart adapts to stress and recovers afterward. Lower variability may indicate chronic stress, poor sleep quality, or early signs of cardiac strain. HRV provides insight into both heart health and nervous system balance, offering information beyond basic fitness metrics.
These tests do not replace the importance of regular exercise or a healthy diet. However, when combined with balanced nutrition, adequate sleep, stress management, and physical activity, they can significantly enhance your heart health strategy. The goal is not to cause alarm, but to enable early intervention and long-term protection.
