Diabetes often develops silently, with early symptoms appearing gradually and going unnoticed by the individual. In many cases, it is family members who first observe subtle changes, long before serious
complications arise due to delayed diagnosis or treatment.
According to Dr Rajan Modi, MBBS, MS, FMAS, Founder and Medical Director, Kapadia Multispecialty Hospital, early detection plays a crucial role in diabetes management. Recognising the initial warning signs promptly allows treatment to begin sooner, or existing care plans to be adjusted, significantly improving quality of life and reducing the risk of long-term complications.
How Families Can Spot Early Trouble Signs in Diabetic Patients
1. Common Symptoms of Diabetes
One of the most common early signs of diabetes is a change in the body’s basic needs. Excessive thirst, increased or unusual appetite, frequent urination (especially at night), and persistent fatigue often indicate rising blood sugar levels. Sudden weight loss or gain, waking up repeatedly at night due to thirst, dry mouth, and dry, itchy skin are also common early indicators.
2. Skin Changes and Infections
People with diabetes have a reduced ability to fight infections. Recurrent fungal infections, slow healing of cuts and wounds, frequent skin infections, and darkening of the skin known as acanthosis nigricans around the neck, armpits, or groin are common warning signs.
3. Nerve-Related Symptoms
Diabetic neuropathy is a frequent complication that typically begins in the feet. Symptoms include tingling, numbness, burning sensations, or a “pins and needles” feeling in the hands and feet, indicating nerve damage caused by prolonged high blood sugar levels.
4. Red Flag Signs Related to the Feet
Families should closely monitor foot health, as early signs of diabetic foot complications can easily be missed. Warning signs include dry or cracked heels, changes in foot temperature or colour, rapid formation of calluses or corns, reduced sweating, and an inability to notice minor cuts or injuries.
5. Eye, Kidney, and Hormonal Changes
Diabetes may also affect multiple organ systems, leading to symptoms such as blurred vision, frequent changes in prescription glasses, frothy urine, swelling of the feet or face, erectile dysfunction in men, and menstrual irregularities in women.
Families play a vital role in preventing diabetes-related complications by staying alert to these symptoms and encouraging regular medical checkups and timely treatment for their loved ones.
