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India’s aviation regulator, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA), has imposed a penalty of Rs 22.20 crore on IndiGo for large-scale flight disruptions in early December 2025 that stranded more than three lakh passengers across the country.
The action follows a detailed inquiry which found that overworked crew rosters, weak operational planning and poor implementation of revised Flight Duty Time Limitation (FDTL) norms led to widespread delays and cancellations. Between December 3 and 5, IndiGo cancelled 2,507 flights and delayed 1,852 others, with disruption effects stretching over nearly 15 days.
The inquiry concluded that IndiGo adopted an over-optimised operational model focused on maximising aircraft and crew utilisation, leaving minimal buffers to absorb disruptions. Investigators said this approach weakened operational resilience and made the network vulnerable to cascading delays.
Crew rosters were designed to push duty limits, with reduced buffer margins and heavy reliance on dead-heading, tail swaps and extended duty periods. This compromised roster integrity and severely limited recovery options when disruptions occurred.
The DGCA found shortcomings in operational planning, system software support and regulatory preparedness. The airline failed to adequately assess the impact of the Winter Schedule 2025 and the revised FDTL norms before rolling them out, resulting in insufficient contingency planning and network-wide disruptions.
Of the total penalty, Rs 1.80 crore was imposed as a one-time fine for six violations of Civil Aviation Requirements (CARs), including improper implementation of FDTL norms and failures in accountable management. An additional Rs 20.40 crore penalty was levied for continued non-compliance over 68 days between December 5, 2025 and February 10, 2026, calculated at Rs 30 lakh per day.
The regulator issued a caution to IndiGo’s Chief Executive Officer for inadequate oversight and crisis management. The Accountable Manager and Chief Operating Officer were warned for failing to assess the operational impact of revised duty norms.
The Senior Vice President overseeing the Operations Control Centre was directed to be relieved of current operational responsibilities and barred from holding any accountable position. Warnings were also issued to senior flight operations and crew planning officials for lapses in manpower planning and roster management. IndiGo has been instructed to take action against other personnel identified in its internal inquiry and submit a compliance report.
Beyond financial penalties, IndiGo has been directed to furnish a Rs 50 crore bank guarantee under a newly instituted IndiGo Systemic Reform Assurance Scheme (ISRAS). The guarantee will be released in phases based on DGCA-certified implementation of reforms covering leadership and governance, manpower planning and fatigue-risk management, digital systems and operational resilience, and sustained board-level oversight.
The DGCA noted that IndiGo restored operations swiftly and complied with refund and compensation norms. On the Ministry of Civil Aviation’s directions, the airline also issued a Rs 10,000 ‘Gesture of Care’ voucher, valid for 12 months, to passengers affected by cancellations or delays exceeding three hours.
Separately, the DGCA said it has initiated an internal inquiry to identify gaps in regulatory oversight and improve preparedness to prevent similar disruptions in the future.
The action follows a detailed inquiry which found that overworked crew rosters, weak operational planning and poor implementation of revised Flight Duty Time Limitation (FDTL) norms led to widespread delays and cancellations. Between December 3 and 5, IndiGo cancelled 2,507 flights and delayed 1,852 others, with disruption effects stretching over nearly 15 days.
Over-optimised operations flagged
The inquiry concluded that IndiGo adopted an over-optimised operational model focused on maximising aircraft and crew utilisation, leaving minimal buffers to absorb disruptions. Investigators said this approach weakened operational resilience and made the network vulnerable to cascading delays.
Crew rosters were designed to push duty limits, with reduced buffer margins and heavy reliance on dead-heading, tail swaps and extended duty periods. This compromised roster integrity and severely limited recovery options when disruptions occurred.
Planning gaps and regulatory lapses
The DGCA found shortcomings in operational planning, system software support and regulatory preparedness. The airline failed to adequately assess the impact of the Winter Schedule 2025 and the revised FDTL norms before rolling them out, resulting in insufficient contingency planning and network-wide disruptions.
Penalties and non-compliance
Of the total penalty, Rs 1.80 crore was imposed as a one-time fine for six violations of Civil Aviation Requirements (CARs), including improper implementation of FDTL norms and failures in accountable management. An additional Rs 20.40 crore penalty was levied for continued non-compliance over 68 days between December 5, 2025 and February 10, 2026, calculated at Rs 30 lakh per day.
Action against senior management
The regulator issued a caution to IndiGo’s Chief Executive Officer for inadequate oversight and crisis management. The Accountable Manager and Chief Operating Officer were warned for failing to assess the operational impact of revised duty norms.
The Senior Vice President overseeing the Operations Control Centre was directed to be relieved of current operational responsibilities and barred from holding any accountable position. Warnings were also issued to senior flight operations and crew planning officials for lapses in manpower planning and roster management. IndiGo has been instructed to take action against other personnel identified in its internal inquiry and submit a compliance report.
Systemic reform assurance
Beyond financial penalties, IndiGo has been directed to furnish a Rs 50 crore bank guarantee under a newly instituted IndiGo Systemic Reform Assurance Scheme (ISRAS). The guarantee will be released in phases based on DGCA-certified implementation of reforms covering leadership and governance, manpower planning and fatigue-risk management, digital systems and operational resilience, and sustained board-level oversight.
Passenger relief and regulator review
The DGCA noted that IndiGo restored operations swiftly and complied with refund and compensation norms. On the Ministry of Civil Aviation’s directions, the airline also issued a Rs 10,000 ‘Gesture of Care’ voucher, valid for 12 months, to passengers affected by cancellations or delays exceeding three hours.
Separately, the DGCA said it has initiated an internal inquiry to identify gaps in regulatory oversight and improve preparedness to prevent similar disruptions in the future.
