A South Korean court on Wednesday sentenced former Prime Minister Han Duck-soo to 23 years in prison on charges including insurrection linked to former President Yoon Suk Yeol’s declaration of martial law in December 2024.
Han, 76, is the first former cabinet minister to receive a court ruling on criminal charges directly connected to the martial law episode, a case legal experts say could serve as a bellwether for related trials.
According to a Reuters report, the Seoul Central District Court found Han guilty of playing a key role in creating the appearance of a cabinet meeting that enabled the declaration of martial law.
The presiding judge described the actions as a “top-down insurrection," added the report.
The court also found that Han discussed plans to obstruct the functioning of major state institutions, including parliament, as part of the insurrection, the judge said.
"The defendant was a prime minister who had been indirectly given democratic legitimacy and responsibility ... Nevertheless, the defendant chose to turn a blind eye ... and participate as a member of the December 3 insurrection,"
"As a result, South Korea was in danger of returning to the dark past when the basic rights and liberal democratic order of the people were violated, potentially preventing them from escaping ... dictatorship for a long time," the judge added.
The court found Han guilty of "engaging in (the) key action of insurrection", as well as on related charges of perjury and falsifying an official document.
"I will humbly follow the judge's decision," Reuters quoted Han, clad in a suit and green tie, as saying after the ruling.
He had denied wrongdoing on all charges except perjury, saying in November that while he regretted not being able to stop Yoon from declaring martial law, he "never agreed to it or tried to help".
In an unusual instance in South Korean court proceedings, the 23-year term exceeded a sentence of 15 years sought by prosecutors in November.
Han was detained by the court immediately after the ruling, which can be appealed. Han's lawyer said it would be taken to the Supreme Court.
"This ruling is something that citizens who oppose martial law can fully accept," 23-year-old Kim Su-hyeon, a commuter watching the news on television at a train station, told Reuters.
Han held senior posts under five presidents
Han is an experienced technocrat who served in senior posts under five presidents. He became acting president after Yoon was impeached, before his own impeachment on accusations of having aided Yoon in the martial law declaration.
The Constitutional Court overturned Han's impeachment, restoring his powers to serve as leader before he resigned from the post to run in a snap election in June. He ended his bid for the presidency following rifts among conservatives.
"I don't know whether this elderly man (Han)... meant to devote himself to the people of South Korea in his own way, but the outcome wasn't good," said another commuter, 79-year-old Kim In-sik.
Yoon, who faces eight separate trials, was handed a five-year jail term last week for charges that included obstructing attempts to arrest him following martial law. He has appealed.
Yoon faces another ruling on February 19 on the most serious charge of "masterminding an insurrection".
Prosecutors have sought the death penalty in that case, though South Korea has had no execution since 1997.
With inputs from agencies
