Historical Context
The Sugauli Treaty of 1816, post-British rule, established the Kali River as the Nepal-India border. Both nations continue to dispute its origin, leading
to competing claims in the region, particularly over the Lipulekh Pass. The area's strategic value has grown, influenced by China's presence and evolving relations.
Nepal's Objections
Nepal contests India's construction of a road to Lipulekh, citing the region as part of its territory. This has led to diplomatic protests. The reopening of border trade through Lipulekh, in 2024, sparked immediate and strong criticism from Nepal, citing the infringement on its territorial claims.
Strategic Importance
The Lipulekh Pass holds significance for trade, religious pilgrimages, and defense. The road built for Kailash Mansarovar Yatra benefits Indian pilgrims. However, China's growing influence in the region and strategic concerns have increased its importance to India.
China's Role
China's position is crucial. While generally staying neutral, Beijing is aware of the sensitive India-Nepal dynamics. China has also constructed roads near the LAC and is seen to be increasing its influence in the area, which has led to strategic moves.
Future Implications
The dispute highlights complex geopolitical dynamics. Resolving border disputes requires a detailed discussion, foreign secretary-level talks, and possibly, a consensus. The ongoing dialogue is vital for lasting peace in the region to promote better connectivity and trade relations between the countries.
