Harry E. Claiborne's career as a U.S. federal judge was marked by significant achievements and a dramatic downfall. Appointed by President Jimmy Carter in 1978, Claiborne served as a district judge for the District of Nevada until his impeachment and removal from office in 1986. His story is one of ambition, legal prowess, and controversy, culminating in his becoming the first federal judge to serve prison time.
Early Career and Appointment
Harry Eugene Claiborne was born on July
2, 1917, in McRae, Arkansas. He pursued his education at Ouachita Baptist University and Cumberland School of Law, where he earned his Bachelor of Laws degree. Following his service in the U.S. Army during World War II, Claiborne settled in Las Vegas, Nevada, where he established himself as a prominent defense attorney. His legal career was notable for representing high-profile clients, including entertainers and mobsters.
In 1978, Claiborne's legal expertise and reputation led to his appointment as a federal judge by President Jimmy Carter. He succeeded Bruce Rutherford Thompson as a judge for the United States District Court for the District of Nevada. Claiborne's appointment was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on August 11, 1978, allowing him to begin his judicial duties immediately.
Chief Judge and Impeachment
By 1980, Claiborne had risen to the position of Chief Judge of the District Court. However, his career took a turn in 1986 when he was convicted of tax evasion. Claiborne was found guilty of failing to report over $107,000 in income on his federal tax returns for 1979 and 1980. This conviction led to his impeachment and removal from office by the United States Congress, making him the fifth person in U.S. history to be removed through impeachment.
Claiborne's impeachment was a significant event, as he was the first federal judge to serve prison time for crimes committed while on the bench. He served a 17-month sentence in federal prison, during which his judicial seat was filled by Philip Martin Pro.
Life After Impeachment
Following his release from prison, Claiborne was allowed to resume practicing law in Nevada. Despite his conviction and removal from the bench, he remained respected within the Las Vegas legal community. Claiborne's later years were marked by health struggles, including a diagnosis of prostate cancer and a heart attack.
Harry E. Claiborne passed away on January 19, 2004, in Las Vegas, Nevada. His life and career serve as a reminder of the complexities and challenges faced by those in positions of power and the consequences of legal and ethical missteps.
