Robert Johnson, an iconic figure in American blues music, recorded a total of 29 songs during two pivotal sessions in Texas. These sessions, held in 1936 and 1937, were crucial in capturing the essence of Johnson's musical genius. Despite the brevity of his career, Johnson's recordings have left an indelible mark on the world of blues. This article delves into the specifics of these recording sessions, shedding light on the environment and circumstances
that shaped Johnson's legendary sound.
The San Antonio Sessions
Robert Johnson's first recording session took place on November 23, 1936, in San Antonio, Texas. The setting was a makeshift studio in the Gunter Hotel, where the recording equipment was set up in one room, and Johnson performed solo in another, Room 414. This session was overseen by Art Satherley, a producer for the American Record Corporation and Vocalion Records. Don Law, the producer of the actual recording sessions, had Johnson record additional performances or alternate takes for each song.
Johnson's performance style during these sessions has been a subject of speculation. Law's recollection that Johnson performed facing the wall led some to believe he was extremely shy or suffering from stage fright. However, authors Bruce Conforth and Gayle Dean Wardlow refute this, noting that Johnson only turned his back on one occasion to shield his techniques from other musicians. The San Antonio sessions were crucial in capturing Johnson's raw and authentic sound, which would later become a cornerstone of blues music.
The Dallas Sessions
Following the success of "Terraplane Blues" in March 1937, Johnson returned to Texas for additional recording sessions in Dallas. These took place on June 19 and 20, 1937, in an unused storage area on the third floor of the former Vitagraph and Warner Bros. building. Again, Johnson performed solo, singing and accompanying himself on acoustic guitar.
The Dallas sessions were significant in expanding Johnson's repertoire and solidifying his place in blues history. The recordings from these sessions contributed to the 12 two-sided 78 rpm record singles released by Vocalion Records between 1937 and 1939. These records were the only source of Johnson's work until they were reissued on albums starting in 1959.
Legacy and Impact
The recordings from Johnson's sessions in Texas have had a lasting impact on the music industry. In 1990, Columbia Records released "The Complete Recordings," a comprehensive collection of Johnson's work that became a best seller, reaching number 80 on the American pop album chart. By 1994, it had sold over one million copies in the U.S.
Johnson's recordings continue to influence musicians and music lovers alike. His unique style and haunting melodies have inspired countless artists, cementing his legacy as a pivotal figure in the history of blues music. The sessions in San Antonio and Dallas not only captured Johnson's talent but also preserved a vital piece of American musical heritage.
