Choose Your Route Wisely
There are two primary routes into Spiti: one from Shimla via Kinnaur and the other from Manali. For an autumn trip, especially after mid-September, the Shimla-Kaza highway is the more reliable choice. This route has a more gradual ascent, which is crucial
for acclimatisation, and generally better road conditions. The Manali-Kaza route, via the Atal Tunnel and Kunzum Pass, is shorter but significantly tougher. Kunzum Pass (4,590m) can receive early snowfall from late September onwards, leading to sudden closures. Unless you are travelling early in autumn with buffer days, stick to the Shimla side for entry to avoid getting stranded.
Prioritise Acclimatisation Above All
Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) is a serious risk in Spiti, where you'll be at altitudes between 3,000m and 4,600m. It is caused by ascending too quickly without giving your body time to adjust to lower oxygen levels. Symptoms include persistent headaches, nausea, dizziness, and fatigue. The best prevention is a gradual ascent; plan to spend at least one or two nights at an intermediate altitude like Kalpa or Nako before proceeding to Kaza (3,800m). Upon reaching Kaza, rest for a day before exploring higher villages like Komic or Hikkim. Stay aggressively hydrated by drinking 3-4 litres of water daily, eat carbohydrate-rich meals, and avoid alcohol for the first few days at altitude.
Prepare Your Vehicle Thoroughly
The terrain in Spiti is demanding, with long stretches of broken tarmac, gravel tracks, and potential water crossings, especially on the Manali side. Before you leave, get your vehicle fully serviced. Pay special attention to brakes, tyres, and the cooling system, as these are under constant stress in the mountains. Ensure your tyres have adequate tread depth; all-terrain (AT) tyres are highly recommended over standard highway tyres. Check that your spare tyre is in good condition and you have the necessary tools to change it. Because of the power loss in engines at high altitudes, ensure your air and fuel filters are clean. A vehicle with high ground clearance, like an SUV, is ideal.
Master Safe Mountain Driving Techniques
Driving in the Himalayas is unlike highway driving. Maintain a slow, steady speed, especially on narrow roads and blind curves. Use your horn to announce your presence on sharp turns. When descending steep gradients, use a low gear (engine braking) to control your speed and avoid overheating your brakes. Never drive at night; there are no streetlights, and the risk of encountering black ice or rockfall is high. Days are shorter in autumn, so start early—ideally by 8 or 9 AM—to ensure you reach your destination well before sunset.
Pack for Unpredictable Weather
Autumn weather in Spiti can be deceptive. Days can be sunny and pleasant, but temperatures drop sharply after sunset, often falling below freezing. Pack in layers: thermal wear, fleece jackets, and a windproof and waterproof outer layer are essential. The high-altitude sun is harsh, so bring sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat. Also carry a basic first-aid kit with medications for headache, nausea, and any personal prescriptions. It's also wise to consult a doctor about carrying Diamox for AMS prevention.
Handle Permits and Paperwork
For Indian citizens, no special permits like the Inner Line Permit (ILP) are required for the main Spiti circuit. You just need to carry a valid government-issued photo ID for registration at various checkposts, such as at Sumdo. However, if your route involves crossing Rohtang Pass from the Manali side, a separate vehicle permit is needed, which must be booked online and has a daily quota. Always carry your driving license, vehicle registration certificate (RC), insurance, and a valid Pollution Under Control (PUC) certificate.
Plan for Limited Services and Connectivity
Spiti is a remote region. Mobile networks are patchy at best, with BSNL having the widest but still unreliable coverage. Inform your family of your itinerary beforehand and download offline maps. While fuel stations are available in Kaza, it's prudent to carry extra fuel in a jerry can, particularly if you plan extensive exploration of remote valleys. In autumn, especially from October onwards, many seasonal guesthouses, restaurants, and campsites (like those at Chandratal) begin to close for the winter. It's essential to book your accommodation in advance and carry extra snacks and water.
