A Brewing Concern Over Residues
The conversation around pesticide use in tea plantations is not new, but it has gained fresh urgency. At the heart of the issue are Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs), which define the highest legally permitted concentration of pesticide traces in food products.
For years, concerns have been raised by health advocates and international buyers about the levels of certain chemicals in Indian tea. These concerns touch upon two critical areas: the health of plantation workers who handle these chemicals daily, and the safety of the final product consumed both domestically and globally. Studies have pointed to significant health risks for tea garden workers, many of whom may lack adequate protective equipment, leading to long-term health problems from prolonged exposure.
What New Rules Are on the Table?
In a significant move, the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has published draft amendments proposing new MRLs for two specific pesticides used in tea cultivation: Acetamiprid and Imidacloprid. The draft regulations, published on October 16, 2026, propose a limit of 20 parts per million (ppm) for Acetamiprid and 50 ppm for Imidacloprid. According to the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, these proposals are based on scientific assessments and are aimed at creating clear benchmarks for growers, processors, and testing labs. The FSSAI has invited feedback from stakeholders on these proposed changes, which are expected to be finalised after a 60-day consultation period.
Balancing Worker Safety and Global Trade
The proposed norms are a strategic move to align India's standards more closely with international expectations, which can be a major factor in export competitiveness. For instance, the proposed 20 ppm limit for Acetamiprid is stricter than Japan's limit of 30 ppm and the USA's 50 ppm. By adopting more stringent, science-based standards, India aims to reassure global buyers and potentially boost its tea exports. This initiative is part of a broader effort by the FSSAI and the Tea Board of India, which have long promoted a Plant Protection Code to guide the judicious use of pesticides. The code encourages Integrated Pest Management (IPM), which seeks to reduce reliance on chemicals and ensure that any pesticides used are approved and applied safely.
The View From the Plantations
For the tea growers, these new regulations present both challenges and opportunities. On one hand, adhering to stricter MRLs may require shifting to more expensive but safer pesticides or investing more in non-chemical pest control and worker training. This could raise operational costs, particularly for smaller estates. On the other hand, compliance is key to accessing lucrative international markets and maintaining the premium image of Indian tea. For the millions of workers, particularly women who form the backbone of the tea-plucking workforce, clearer and stricter safety guidelines could lead to better occupational health outcomes by reducing direct exposure to harmful chemicals. The ultimate goal is to create a sustainable system that protects workers and the environment while ensuring the economic viability of this iconic industry.
