Dehradun: A recent warning from scientists has brought attention to a grave risk in the Himalayan region: a major earthquake could strike the central Himalayas,
including Uttarakhand, at any time.
This alert is based on geological studies, seismic data, and an understanding of how the mountains are formed and changing.
Central Himalayan region is under danger of large-magnitude quakes
Vineet Gehlot, Senior Scientist and Director of the Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, stated that the Himalayas are a highly earthquake-prone region. Uttarakhand has not experienced a major earthquake in the last 300 to 400 years, suggesting that the region is particularly vulnerable in the future. He added that ongoing studies on earthquakes in the Himalayan region have revealed that significant amounts of energy are being stored underground.
The Himalayas are still rising because of the movement of tectonic plates. The Indian plate is pushing northward into the Eurasian plate, creating stress deep under the Earth’s surface. Over centuries, this stress is released in earthquakes. Scientists believe that due to this activity, the central Himalayan region is under danger of large-magnitude quakes.
Uttarakhand’s terrain makes it vulnerable
Uttarakhand, which lies in this zone, is considered vulnerable because of its terrain—mountains, steep slopes, and fault lines hidden under rock and soil. Many areas are remote, with villages perched on hillsides and limited access to strong infrastructure.
Scientists see signs of a powerful earthquake
Researchers have studied fault lines, historical earthquake records, and the patterns of ground movements. They see signs that the region could experience a powerful quake in the future. While they cannot predict the exact time or magnitude, the risk is high enough to call for action now.
They emphasize that earthquakes of magnitude 6 or higher are possible in this central Himalayan belt. Areas like Uttarkashi, Chamoli, Pithoragarh, and parts of Garhwal are mentioned in risk assessments.
Challenges in the region
Mountains face special challenges when it comes to earthquakes. Landslides, rockfalls, and soil liquefaction (where solid ground becomes more like liquid during shaking) can worsen damage. Remote villages often lack strong, earthquake-resistant houses. Roads may get blocked, rescue teams may find it hard to reach affected places, and communication can break down.
Poor awareness also makes things worse. Many people may not know what to do during a quake, such as finding safe spots, staying away from unstable walls, or having emergency kits ready.
To reduce damage and save lives, many steps must be taken:
Strengthen buildings and infrastructure
Homes, schools, and hospitals in hilly areas must be built or retrofitted to resist earthquakes. Use flexible structures, good foundations, and solid materials.
Disaster preparedness and drills
Regular training for communities on “what to do during an earthquake.” Simulated drills in schools and villages help people react quickly.
Early warning systems and monitoring
Installing seismic sensors, accelerometers, and real-time monitoring systems to detect tremors can help issue alerts.
Public awareness campaigns
Using media, schools, local leaders, and community workshops to teach people about quake safety — for example, “drop, cover, hold on,” safe evacuation routes, and emergency kits.
Planning the landscape carefully
Avoid building houses in landslide-prone or unstable slopes. Use proper drainage and hill stabilization methods. People in Uttarakhand’s mountainous areas should be aware that the risk is real and they should make sure their building is as safe as possible. Keep an emergency kit (water, food, light, first-aid). Know safe spots in your home—door frames, under sturdy tables, away from heavy objects. Practice what to do with your family in case the ground shakes.
It is a call to act
This scientific warning is more than just a prediction—it is a call to act. The central Himalayas, including Uttarakhand, face the possibility of a strong earthquake. With better preparation, stronger buildings, and awareness, the people in these regions can reduce risk and protect themselves. It is time for governments, communities, and individuals to come together and build safety in the mountains.
