New Delhi: Pongal is one of the most important harvest festivals of South India, especially celebrated across Tamil Nadu and by Tamil communities worldwide.
Rooted in gratitude toward nature, farmers, cattle, and the Sun, Pongal marks a time of abundance, renewal, and family bonding.
In 2026, Pongal coincides with Makar Sankranti, the day when the Sun enters the Capricorn sign, beginning its northward journey. While the festival is observed over four days, each day has its own meaning, rituals, and purpose.
Here is a complete guide to Pongal 2026 dates, traditions, significance, and what should be done on each day.
Pongal 2026 holidays and dates
- Bhogi Pongal date 2026: Tuesday, 13 January 2026
- Thai Pongal date 2026: Wednesday, 14 January 2026
- Mattu Pongal date 2026: Thursday, 15 January 2026
- Kaanum Pongal date 2026: Friday, 16 January 2026
Thai Pongal, the second day, is the most important day of the festival.
Pongal 2026: Significance and why it is celebrated
Pongal is a harvest thanksgiving festival. It celebrates:
- The Sun God (Surya) for energy and warmth
- Farmers for food production
- Cattle for supporting agriculture
- Nature for rainfall and fertile land
The word Pongal means “to boil over”, symbolising prosperity, growth, and abundance in life.
Pongal is deeply spiritual but not ritual-heavy. Its essence lies in:
- Gratitude over greed
- Sharing over hoarding
- Harmony with nature
- Respect for food and farming
It reminds people that prosperity comes from balance between humans, animals, and the environment.
Day 1: Bhogi Pongal – Letting go of the old
Date: 13 January 2026
Bhogi Pongal marks the beginning of the festival and focuses on cleansing and renewal.
What to do on Bhogi Pongal
- Clean homes thoroughly
- Discard old, unused items
- Light a small bonfire to symbolically burn negativity
- Decorate the entrance with fresh kolam (rangoli)
This day represents letting go of the past and preparing for a fresh beginning.
Day 2: Thai Pongal – Gratitude to the sun
Date: 14 January 2026
Thai Pongal is the most sacred and important day of the festival. It marks the Sun’s transition into Capricorn and the start of the Tamil month Thai.
What to do on Thai Pongal
- Cook freshly harvested rice with milk and jaggery in a new clay pot
- Allow the milk to overflow, symbolising abundance
- Cook Pongal outdoors, preferably at sunrise
- Offer the first serving to the Sun God
- Share the food with family and neighbours
The dish is topped with ghee, cashew nuts, and raisins and is traditionally served on banana leaves.
Day 3: Mattu Pongal – Honouring cattle
Date: 15 January 2026
Mattu Pongal is dedicated to cattle, especially cows and bulls, who play a vital role in farming.
What to Do on Mattu Pongal
- Bathe and decorate cattle with garlands and colours
- Offer food and prayers to them
- Thank them for their contribution to agriculture
This day highlights respect for animals and the farming ecosystem.
Day 4: Kaanum Pongal – Family and togetherness
Date: 16 January 2026
Kaanum Pongal is a relaxed day focused on family bonding and social connection.
What to do on Kaanum Pongal
- Visit relatives and friends
- Spend time outdoors or in nature
- Share meals and exchange greetings
- Strengthen family relationships
It is a day of joy after the rituals and responsibilities of the previous days.
Pongal and Makar Sankranti connection
Thai Pongal is celebrated on the same day as Makar Sankranti in North India. While names and customs differ, both festivals celebrate:
- The Sun’s northward journey (Uttarayan)
- A positive seasonal shift
- Hope for growth and abundance
Pongal 2026 is more than a harvest festival. It is a reminder to pause, give thanks, and reconnect with nature and loved ones. By observing each day with awareness and simplicity, families believe they invite prosperity, harmony, and happiness for the year ahead.
Written by: Tanya Singh, Astropatri.com. For feedback, please write to hello@astropatri.com.
