The quake shook buildings from Kabul to Pakistan's capital Islamabad, around 370 kilometres away, for several seconds, AFP journalists said.
Tremors were felt in several states in North India, including Delhi.
Nangarhar province was also hit by flooding overnight Friday to Saturday, which left five people dead and destroyed crops and property, provincial authorities said.
Rescuers were scrambling to find survivors in the area bordering Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa region, where homes of mud and stone were levelled by the midnight quake hit at a depth of 10 km (6 miles). "So far, no
Prime Minister expressed condolences with victims' families. "Deeply saddened by the loss of lives due to the earthquake in Afghanistan. Our thoughts and prayers are with the bereaved families in this difficult hour, and we wish a speedy recovery to the injured. India stands ready to provide all possible humanitarian aid and relief to those affected," Modi posted on X.
The UN gave a far lower figure of about 1,500. It was the deadliest natural disaster to strike Afghanistan in recent memory.