New Delhi: Ahead of Union Budget 2026, the government will present the Economic Survey, a key document that gives a detailed report card of India’s economy. The Survey plays an important role in shaping
the government’s financial and policy direction for the coming year.
The Economic Survey is an annual report prepared by the Department of Economic Affairs under the Ministry of Finance, under the guidance of the Chief Economic Adviser (CEA). It provides a clear assessment of how the Indian economy has performed over the past year and highlights major challenges and priorities going forward.
What does the Economic Survey explain?
The Survey closely examines the overall health of the economy. It explains economic trends, policy outcomes, and global and domestic factors that affect growth. It also gives forecasts and guidance that help the government design the Union Budget.
Review of key sectors
The Economic Survey reviews the performance of major sectors such as agriculture, industry, services, exports, and employment. It presents data on economic growth, inflation, and financial conditions, helping readers understand where the economy stands and where it is heading.
Difference between Economic Survey and Union Budget
There is a clear difference between the Union Budget and the Economic Survey.
While the Union Budget explains how the government plans to raise money and where it will spend it, the Economic Survey is an analytical document. It evaluates the current economic situation and presents estimates and suggestions for the future.
Why it is presented before the Budget
The Economic Survey is tabled in Parliament one day before the Union Budget. This timing helps create the background for budget decisions. It helps policymakers identify sectors that need more reforms, higher spending, or changes in tax policy.
Key economic and social indicators
The Survey includes important indicators such as GDP growth, inflation, fiscal deficit, and current account balance. It also covers social and development areas like health, education, and employment, giving a broader picture of economic progress.
Where to watch the presentation?
The presentation of the Economic Survey can be watched live on Sansad TV and Doordarshan. The Press Information Bureau (PIB) will also stream it on its YouTube channel and share updates on social media platforms.
