Heavy Use of AI Chatbots Linked to Higher Depression Risk, Study Warns

Those who spend a lot of time with AI chatbots are 30 per cent more likely to have signs of depression, researchers reported in the journal JAMA Network Open. “We found that daily AI use was common and significantly associated with depressive and other negative affective symptoms,” like anxiety and irritability, concluded the research team led by psychiatrist Dr Roy Perlis, director of the Center for Quantitative Health at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. According to the study, even age plays a crucial role, as those who are middle-aged, older than 35 years of age, are at a high risk level since they may be frequently using generative AI. Researchers said regular AI users between 45 and 64 years of age had a 54 per cent higher risk of depression, compared

to 32 per cent higher odds among those between 25 and 44, results showed. The results, according to researchers, indicate that “some individuals may be more apt to experience depressive symptoms associated with AI use.”

Is AI promoting mental health issues?

Researchers, in the study conclusion, mentioned that while it is difficult to find whether a rise in depression is due to AI or if those who are depressed are turning to AI, since those with mental health issues may use it more to seek help and support for their symptoms. Many times, to overcome loneliness and find friends, many people also spend longer hours on the internet. Studies say generative AI chatbots are a growing part of life for American teens. A recent survey conducted by Pew Research Center has found that more than 64 per cent of adolescents are using chatbots, with 3 in 10 saying they use them daily. Also, teenagers are especially vulnerable to the risks of chatbots because at this time of rapid brain development, mostly shaped by experiences, they are exposed to various new kinds of things. Additionally, AI chatbots may unintentionally reinforce negative thought patterns. If a user frequently discusses fears, sadness, or self-doubt, the chatbot may continue engaging with those themes without challenging them in a clinically appropriate way, potentially deepening depressive thinking.

Can AI still be helpful?

Despite the concerns, researchers stress that AI chatbots are not inherently harmful. When used in moderation, they can be useful tools for productivity, learning, and even short-term emotional support. Some mental health apps use AI responsibly to encourage users to seek professional help, practice mindfulness, or develop healthier coping strategies. The key lies in balance. Chatbots should complement—not replace—real relationships and professional care.Also read: 9 Mental Health Tips to Build a Happier, Healthier 2026

What do mental health experts recommend?

Mental health professionals advise users to set boundaries around chatbot usage and give more priority to real-world interactions. However, if you notice a few symptoms of persistent sadness, withdrawal, or dependency on AI for emotional support, reach out to your friends and family for support. Parents should monitor chatbot use among teenagers and promote offline social engagement. As AI technology continues to evolve, experts call for responsible design, user awareness, and ongoing research to better understand its long-term psychological impact.