Cold Weather and Multiple Sclerosis: Why Winter Can Be Harder for MS Patients

While it is well known that heat can lead to worsening of the symptoms of multiple sclerosis—a chronic autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the nerve fibres in your brain and spinal cord—even the winter season can be as dangerous. According to doctors, cold weather worsens the symptoms, causing an attack. Multiple sclerosis leads to motor impairment issues like shakiness of hands, blurred vision, and difficulties in maintaining balance and walking. “During winters, many people living with MS experience a heightened sensitivity—stiffness, fatigue, or a flare-up of symptoms—which can make even everyday tasks feel harder. As clinicians, we encourage patients and families to prepare proactively: staying warm, pacing activities, keeping

muscles active, and reaching out early if symptoms worsen,” Dr Arindam Ghosh, a renowned neurologist with Narayana Health and NH RTIICS, told Times Now.

How does cold weather spike MS symptoms?

Cold weather has been known to exacerbate MS symptoms for some individuals. The drop in temperature can cause increased muscle stiffness, spasticity, and overall fatigue. The body’s response to the cold may also lead to reduced mobility and coordination, making it more difficult to perform daily tasks. It’s important to be aware of these potential effects and take steps to manage them. During the winter months, when sunlight exposure is limited, people with MS may be at a higher risk of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is key in maintaining overall health, including supporting the immune system and promoting bone health. “Low temperatures can slow nerve conduction in demyelinated pathways, leading to increased stiffness, reduced mobility, and fatigue. Shorter daylight hours and lower vitamin D levels may further affect mood and energy,” said Dr MV Padma Srivastava, Chair of Neurology, at Paras Hospital.

What is multiple sclerosis?

According to doctors, with MS, your immune system mistakenly attacks myelin cells – the protective covers that surround your brain and spinal cord nerves. Myelin sheath damage interrupts signals that your nerves send throughout your body to perform functions like vision, sensation, and movement. Myelin damage occurs in your brain, spinal cord, and nerves that supply your eyes. There’s no cure for MS, but treatment is available to help minimise ongoing damage and help you manage symptoms.

What are the sgns and symptoms of MS?

A few signs and symptoms of MS include:

• Changes to your vision, which include optic neuritis, double vision, and vision loss
• Muscle weakness, which usually affects one side of your face or body
• Numbness or abnormal sensations
• Extreme tiredness and fatigue
• Clumsiness
• Dizziness
• Difficulty with bladder regulation
• Loss of balance and coordination
• Difficulty with cognitive function
• Mood changes
• Muscle stiffness

What causes MS?

Even though doctors are not sure what actually causes MS, studies say the following may contribute:

• Smoking
• Toxin exposure
• Low vitamin D levels
• Exposure to viruses
• Childhood obesity
• Genetic predisposition

How can you tackle MS in cold weather?

To further minimise any damage due to MS, doctors suggest specialised treatments that are focused on managing symptoms and preventing any kind of complications. A proper treatment plan may include:

• Medications
• Physical, occupational, or speech therapy
• Mental health counselling

“Most importantly, timely access to high-efficacy therapies (HETs) can make a significant difference in preserving function and helping patients maintain their independence, no matter the season,” Dr Ghosh added. Other types of symptom management vary based on how the condition affects you. Management may include:

• Wearing glasses or taking medications for vision symptoms
• Deep brain stimulation for muscle spasms
• Using assistive mobility devices like a cane, walker, or wheelchair