What's Happening?
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has granted TRISO-X, a subsidiary of X-energy, the first-ever Category II license for commercial nuclear fuel fabrication in the U.S. This license allows TRISO-X to produce
tristructural isotropic (TRISO) fuel using high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU) at its facility in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. The facility, known as TRISO-X Fuel Fabrication Facility (TF3), is under construction and will support the deployment of advanced reactor designs. The license, valid for 40 years, permits TRISO-X to handle special nuclear material, including uranium enriched to less than 20% U-235. The facility will convert HALEU into fuel kernels, which are then processed into spherical fuel elements designed to retain fission products at high temperatures. This development is part of X-energy's participation in the Department of Energy's Advanced Reactor Demonstration Program.
Why It's Important?
This licensing milestone is significant for the U.S. nuclear industry as it supports the deployment of advanced nuclear technologies and enhances energy security. By enabling commercial-scale production of TRISO fuel, the U.S. can advance its nuclear capabilities and reduce reliance on foreign nuclear fuel sources. The facility's production will initially support the Long Mott Generating Station in Texas and potentially other advanced nuclear reactors. This development aligns with national priorities to strengthen domestic nuclear fuel supply chains and supports the broader goal of increasing clean energy production. The successful operation of this facility could pave the way for further advancements in nuclear technology and energy security.
What's Next?
Before operations can commence, TRISO-X must obtain additional permits, including air quality and transportation permits. The NRC will conduct a final inspection to ensure readiness for operations. The facility's construction is expected to be completed by mid-2026, with initial fuel production supporting the Long Mott Generating Station. TRISO-X plans to expand its production capacity with a second unit, TX-2, to meet growing demand for TRISO fuel. This expansion will support X-energy's commercial pipeline and other small modular reactor developers. The success of this project could influence future regulatory and policy decisions regarding nuclear fuel production and advanced reactor deployment in the U.S.
