Spelman College, a private historically Black women's liberal arts college in Atlanta, Georgia, has a rich history that dates back to 1881. Founded as the Atlanta Baptist Female Seminary, it has grown to become a leading institution for Black women in the United States. This article explores the key milestones and historical developments that have shaped Spelman College over the years.
Founding and Early Years
Spelman College was established on April 11, 1881, by Harriet E.
Giles and Sophia B. Packard in the basement of Friendship Baptist Church in Atlanta. The school began with just 11 African-American women and $100 donated by the First Baptist Church in Medford, Massachusetts. Despite the initial challenges, Giles and Packard envisioned the school as a liberal arts institution, offering courses in subjects like algebra, Latin, and chemistry.
The seminary quickly attracted more students, and by the end of the first term, 80 students were enrolled. The Woman's American Baptist Home Mission Society supported the school, enabling the purchase of a nine-acre site in Atlanta for classroom and residence hall needs. In 1884, the seminary was renamed Spelman Seminary in honor of Laura Spelman Rockefeller and her family, who were significant benefactors.
Growth and Expansion
From 1910 to 1953, Spelman College experienced substantial growth. Under the leadership of Lucy Hale Tapley, the college expanded its curriculum to include nursing and home economics. New buildings were constructed, including Tapley Hall, the science building, completed in 1925. In 1924, the seminary officially became Spelman College, and Florence Matilda Read became president in 1927.
Spelman entered into an affiliation with Morehouse College and Atlanta University, forming the Atlanta University Center in 1929. This allowed Spelman students access to graduate courses at Atlanta University, a significant advantage at a time when Black students were often denied access to graduate studies at predominantly white institutions.
Modern Developments and Achievements
In the latter half of the 20th century, Spelman College continued to grow and adapt. Under the presidency of Johnnetta Betsch Cole, the college raised $113.8 million, including a $20 million gift from Bill Cosby and Camille Hanks Cosby. The college also established the Comprehensive Writing Program and the Women's Research and Resource Center.
In recent years, Spelman has focused on community service and ties to the local community. The college has received significant donations, including $100 million from trustee Ronda Stryker and her husband, William Johnston, to support scholarships and strategic needs. Spelman College remains a leader in education for Black women, with a strong commitment to academic excellence and social mobility.
