Ayn Rand, a Russian-born American novelist, is best known for her philosophical works and novels such as 'Atlas Shrugged' and 'The Fountainhead.' However, her debut novel, 'We the Living,' offers a unique
insight into her early literary style and themes. Published in 1936, 'We the Living' is a semi-autobiographical work that critiques communism and explores the struggle between the individual and the state. This article examines the novel's themes and its significance in Rand's literary legacy.
The Story and Setting
'We the Living' is set in post-revolutionary Russia, from 1922 to 1925. The novel follows Kira Argounova, the protagonist, who is the younger daughter of a bourgeois family. The family returns to Petrograd after a prolonged exile due to the Bolshevik revolutionaries' assault. Kira's father, once a factory owner, finds his property seized and nationalized by the state. The family struggles to find a livelihood in a city where their home has been converted into living quarters for multiple families.
Kira, an independent spirit, dreams of becoming an engineer and enrolls in the Technological Institute. She befriends Andrei Taganov, an idealistic Communist, despite their differing political beliefs. Kira's love interest, Leo Kovalensky, shares her contempt for the state's control over their lives. Together, they plan to escape the country but are caught and forced to navigate the oppressive Soviet system.
Themes of Individualism and Oppression
'We the Living' is Rand's first statement against communism, portraying the oppressive nature of the Soviet regime. The novel highlights the struggle between individualism and collectivism, a theme that would become central to Rand's later works. Kira's determination to pursue her dreams despite the state's interference reflects Rand's belief in the importance of personal freedom and self-interest.
The novel also explores the impact of political ideology on personal relationships. Kira's relationship with Leo deteriorates under the weight of their hardships, while her friendship with Andrei evolves into a complex dynamic. Rand uses these relationships to illustrate the moral and emotional consequences of living in a collectivist society.
Reception and Influence
Although 'We the Living' was not initially a commercial success in the United States, it gained popularity in Europe and has since sold over three million copies. The novel's themes of individualism and resistance to oppression resonate with readers who appreciate Rand's critique of totalitarianism.
'We the Living' laid the groundwork for Rand's later novels, establishing her as a writer who challenged conventional political and philosophical ideas. Its semi-autobiographical nature provides insight into Rand's personal experiences and beliefs, making it a significant part of her literary legacy.
