The Basset Hound is a distinctive breed known for its short legs and exceptional sense of smell. This breed has a rich history that traces back to France, where it was developed from several now-extinct strains of French basset breeds. The Basset Hound was primarily bred for hunting small game like rabbits and hares, allowing hunters to follow on foot without the need for horses. This article delves into the historical development of the Basset Hound,
highlighting its origins and the breeding practices that shaped this unique dog.
Early Beginnings in France
The Basset Hound's lineage can be traced back to the 6th century, with its ancestors being the hounds of St. Hubert of Belgium. These early hounds were bred at the Benedictine Abbey of St. Hubert and eventually became known as the St. Hubert's Hound around 1000 AD. These dogs were large, slow, and had a keen sense of smell, traits that were passed down to the Basset Hound. The name "Basset" itself is derived from the French word "bas," meaning low, which aptly describes the breed's short stature.
The first mention of a "Basset" dog appeared in the 16th century in Jacques du Fouilloux's hunting text, "La Venerie." These dogs were used to hunt foxes and badgers, and their short legs made them ideal for hunting on foot. The Basset type originated as a mutation in the litters of Norman Staghounds, a descendant of the St. Hubert's Hound. These early Bassets were likely bred back to the St. Hubert's Hound, among other French hounds, to refine their hunting abilities.
Development in England
The Basset Hound's journey continued in England, where French Basset Hounds were imported as early as the 1870s. English breeders, including Everett Millais, played a significant role in developing the modern Basset Hound. Millais bred a French Basset with a Bloodhound to create a heavier Basset in England. This breeding effort aimed to enhance the Basset's size and scenting abilities, resulting in a dog that was both robust and efficient in tracking scents.
The first breed standard for the Basset Hound was established in Great Britain at the end of the 19th century. This standard has been updated over the years, with the most recent update occurring in 2010. The Basset Hound's development in England solidified its status as a distinct breed, known for its unique appearance and exceptional scenting capabilities.
The Basset Hound Today
Today, the Basset Hound is recognized as one of six "basset"-type breeds in France. It is celebrated for its gentle temperament and friendly nature, making it a popular choice for families and hunters alike. The breed's ability to ground-scent is second only to the Bloodhound, making it an invaluable companion in hunting and tracking activities.
The Basset Hound's rich history and development reflect a careful balance of breeding for specific traits, resulting in a dog that is both functional and endearing. Its journey from the hounds of St. Hubert to the modern Basset Hound showcases the breed's adaptability and enduring appeal.
