The Chien-gris, also known as the Grey Saint Louis Hound, is an extinct breed of French scent hound that played a significant role in medieval hunting. This breed, which was part of the royal hunting packs in France, has a fascinating history that traces back to the Crusades. Although the Chien-gris is no longer with us, its legacy continues to intrigue historians and dog enthusiasts alike.
Origins and Introduction to France
The Chien-gris is believed to have been introduced to France
by King Louis IX, also known as Saint Louis, during the 13th century. According to historical accounts, King Louis IX encountered these hounds while he was a prisoner during the Crusades. Impressed by their hunting abilities, he received some of these dogs as a gift and brought them back to France. This marked the beginning of the Chien-gris's presence in French royal hunting packs.
From approximately 1250 to 1470, the Chien-gris was a prominent member of the royal packs, which were exclusively composed of hounds of this type. The breed was known for its large size and distinctive gray coloring, which contributed to its name. Despite not having the best noses compared to other scent hounds, the Chien-gris was favored by the French kings for its determination and ability to pursue quarry to the death.
Characteristics and Evolution
The Chien-gris was described as having a rough coat, with a gray back and tan or red forequarters and legs. Some individuals even had near-black hair on their backs. These physical traits made the Chien-gris stand out among other hounds of the time. However, the rough coat was not initially mentioned by early chroniclers like Charles IX or Jacques du Fouilloux, suggesting that it may have been acquired later through interbreeding with indigenous French hounds.
The breed was known for being headstrong and wide-casting, often inclined to change or overshoot during hunts. Despite these tendencies, the Chien-gris was relentless in its pursuit, making it a valuable asset in royal hunting expeditions. Over time, the Chien-gris became an ancestor to modern French rough-coated Griffon breeds, contributing to the development of these contemporary dogs.
Decline and Extinction
By the 19th century, the Chien-gris had become virtually impossible to find. The breed's decline was attributed to mixed breeding and the impact of the French Revolution on hunting practices. As hunting traditions changed and new breeds were introduced, the Chien-gris gradually faded into obscurity. Today, the Chien-gris is remembered as a symbol of medieval hunting culture and a testament to the rich history of French canine breeds.
