Feline diabetes mellitus is a treatable condition, and with proper management, cats can lead normal lives. The key to managing diabetes in cats lies in effective treatment and dietary adjustments. Understanding these aspects can help cat owners provide the best care for their diabetic pets.
Insulin Treatment
Insulin therapy is a cornerstone in the management of feline diabetes. Diabetic cats typically require long-lasting twice-daily insulin injections to maintain blood
sugar levels within a recommended range throughout the day. Insulin glargine, available worldwide as a synthetic generic drug, is commonly used for this purpose. It is important for cats to avoid large meals or high-carbohydrate food, and meals may be timed to coincide with peak insulin activity.
Cats may be treated with either animal insulin, such as bovine-based insulin, or human synthetic insulin. The choice of insulin brand and type varies from cat to cat and may require some trial and error. While some owners may be hesitant to switch from oral medications to insulin injections, injections are more effective at treating the disease and are often easier to administer than pills.
Dietary Management
Diet plays a critical role in managing feline diabetes. A low-carbohydrate diet can be effective in controlling blood sugar levels and may even lead to diabetic remission. Research shows that feeding cats low-carbohydrate meals increases their chances of achieving remission by four times. Fats and proteins are metabolized slower than carbohydrates, reducing dangerous blood sugar peaks after meals.
Cats are obligate carnivores and require meat to survive, as they cannot produce certain amino acids like taurine and arginine from other dietary sources. It is recommended to consult a veterinary professional to discuss the specific dietary needs of a diabetic cat to ensure they do not develop other health issues related to malnutrition.
New Medications
Recent advancements in diabetes treatment include the approval of SGLT2 inhibitors for use in cats. Bexagliflozin (Bexacat) and Velagliflozin (Senvelgo) are two such medications approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. These medications lower blood glucose levels by excreting glucose through the kidneys and are given orally once daily. However, they are not suitable for cats previously treated with long-term insulin therapy or those with other underlying health conditions.
Overall, managing feline diabetes requires a combination of insulin therapy, dietary adjustments, and, in some cases, new medications. With proper care, diabetic cats can lead healthy and fulfilling lives.
