The making of "The Apartment," directed by Billy Wilder, is a fascinating story of creativity and innovation. Released in 1960, the film is celebrated not only for its narrative and performances but also for the meticulous production process that brought it to life. This article explores the behind-the-scenes aspects of the film, from its inspiration to its unique production techniques.
Inspiration and Development
The concept for "The Apartment" was inspired by a combination
of real-life events and previous cinematic works. Billy Wilder and his co-writer, I.A.L. Diamond, drew inspiration from the 1945 film "Brief Encounter" by Noël Coward, which featured a tryst in a borrowed apartment. Additionally, a Hollywood scandal involving agent Jennings Lang and producer Walter Wanger, who used an employee's apartment for an affair, influenced the film's storyline.
Wilder's vision for the film was initially hindered by the Hays Code, which restricted the portrayal of adultery in cinema. However, by 1960, the code had relaxed, allowing Wilder to explore the themes of infidelity and corporate exploitation with a comedic touch. The film's screenplay, co-written by Wilder and Diamond, was crafted to balance humor with the more serious undertones of the narrative.
Production Techniques and Challenges
The production of "The Apartment" involved several innovative techniques that contributed to its distinct style. Art director Alexandre Trauner employed forced perspective to create the illusion of a vast insurance company office. By using successively smaller desks and actors, Trauner achieved a sense of depth and scale that was both effective and economical.
The set design for Baxter's apartment was intentionally crafted to appear small and shabby, contrasting with the more glamorous settings typically seen in films of the era. Trauner sourced items from thrift stores and even used some of Wilder's own furniture to achieve the desired look.
Improvisation and Actor Contributions
While Billy Wilder was known for his strict adherence to the script, he allowed for some improvisation during filming. Jack Lemmon, who played Baxter, was given the freedom to improvise in certain scenes, adding a layer of authenticity to his performance. Notably, Lemmon's use of a tennis racket to strain spaghetti and his nasal spray antics were unscripted moments that added humor and charm to the film.
The casting process also faced challenges, particularly with the role of Jeff Sheldrake. Originally intended for Paul Douglas, the role was recast with Fred MacMurray following Douglas's unexpected death. MacMurray's portrayal added a layer of complexity to the character, enhancing the film's dynamic.
In conclusion, the production of "The Apartment" was a testament to Billy Wilder's creative vision and the collaborative efforts of the cast and crew. The film's innovative techniques and attention to detail contributed to its success, making it a timeless classic that continues to be celebrated for its artistry and storytelling.
