The Mongolian gerbil, known for its gentle nature and hardiness, has become a cherished pet in many households. Originally brought to the United States for research purposes, these small rodents quickly captured the hearts of pet owners. This article explores the journey of the Mongolian gerbil from a research subject to a popular pet in the U.S. and the UK.
Introduction to the Mongolian Gerbil
The Mongolian gerbil, scientifically known as Meriones unguiculatus, is a small rodent that
belongs to the subfamily Gerbillinae. These animals are characterized by their size, with bodies typically measuring between 110 to 135 mm and tails ranging from 95 to 120 mm. Their weight varies from 60 to 130 grams, with males generally being larger than females. Initially, the Mongolian gerbil was used extensively in scientific research due to its unique characteristics and adaptability.
In the 19th century, the Mongolian gerbil was first introduced to Paris from China, where it gained popularity as a house pet. However, it wasn't until 1954 that Dr. Victor Schwentker brought them to the United States for research purposes. Recognizing their potential as pets, Dr. Schwentker's efforts led to the gerbil's rise in popularity as a household pet.
The Journey to Popularity
The Mongolian gerbil's journey to becoming a popular pet began in the late 1950s in the United States. Selective breeding for the pet trade resulted in a wide range of color and pattern varieties, making them even more appealing to pet owners. By 1964, the gerbil had made its way to the United Kingdom, where it quickly gained popularity as well.
Today, Mongolian gerbils are commonly found in pet shops throughout the U.S. and the UK. Their gentle nature and sociability make them ideal pets for families and individuals alike. Unlike some other small rodents, gerbils are known for their minimal odor and cleanliness, thanks to their adapted kidneys that produce minimal waste.
Challenges and Legal Restrictions
Despite their popularity, owning a Mongolian gerbil is not without challenges. In certain regions, such as the U.S. state of California, it is illegal to purchase, import, or keep gerbils as pets due to the potential threat they pose to indigenous ecosystems and agricultural operations. Similarly, importing gerbils into countries like New Zealand and Australia is prohibited.
Health concerns are also a consideration for gerbil owners. Common issues include misalignment of incisors, injuries from falls, and neglect. Additionally, a significant percentage of pet gerbils suffer from epilepsy, which can be triggered by stress or environmental changes.
Overall, the Mongolian gerbil's journey from a research animal to a beloved pet highlights its adaptability and appeal. While there are challenges to owning these small creatures, their gentle nature and sociability continue to make them a popular choice for pet owners in the U.S. and the UK.
