Organizational Behavior Management (OBM) is a fascinating field that has evolved significantly over the years. As a subdiscipline of applied behavior analysis, OBM applies behavior analytic principles to change behavior in organizational settings. This article explores the historical development of OBM, highlighting key milestones and the contributions of influential figures in the field.
Early Foundations
The roots of OBM can be traced back to the work of B.F. Skinner,
a prominent figure in behavior analysis. Skinner's book, *Science and Human Behavior*, published in 1953, laid the groundwork for OBM by emphasizing the use of behavioral principles to increase desired behaviors. His ideas on wage schedules and the use of praise to reinforce positive behaviors were particularly influential. Skinner's introduction of programmed instruction to the educational system also played a crucial role in shaping OBM, as it demonstrated the effectiveness of behavioral principles in training settings.
The emergence of OBM as a distinct field began in the 1960s with the publication of Owen Aldis' paper, "Of Pigeons and Men," in the Harvard Business Review. This article proposed the use of reinforcement schedules in industries, marking the first formal recognition of OBM in a major publication. The field continued to gain traction as researchers and practitioners explored the application of behavioral principles in organizational contexts.
Establishment and Growth
The establishment of the Journal of Organizational Behavior Management (JOBM) in 1977 marked a significant milestone in the field. With Aubrey Daniels as editor and Larry Miller as manager editor, JOBM provided a platform for publishing research and review articles that applied principles of applied behavior analysis to improve organizations. The journal's impact factor and reputation grew over the years, solidifying its status as a leading publication in the field.
In the academic realm, Western Michigan University became the first institution to offer a graduate program in OBM and systems analysis. This program, led by Dick Malott, played a pivotal role in advancing the field by training a new generation of OBM practitioners and researchers. The University of Notre Dame also contributed to the field's growth by conducting one of the first controlled studies of applied behavior analysis in business, further validating the effectiveness of OBM interventions.
Modern Developments
Today, OBM continues to evolve as researchers and practitioners explore new applications and refine existing techniques. The field has expanded to include areas such as performance management, behavioral systems analysis, and behavior-based safety. These developments have broadened the scope of OBM, allowing organizations to address a wide range of challenges, from improving employee productivity to enhancing workplace safety.
As OBM continues to grow, it remains a dynamic and influential field that offers valuable insights into human behavior in organizational settings. By building on its rich history and embracing new opportunities, OBM is poised to make even greater contributions to the world of work in the years to come.
