Common App Data Reveals Shifts in College Application Trends Amid Test-Optional Policies

What's Happening?

The Common Application platform has released new data from the 2024-25 college application season, highlighting significant trends in the college application process. The data shows an increase in the number of first-year applicants, with 1.5 million distinct applicants applying to 1,097 member institutions, marking a 5% increase from the previous year. Notably, applications from Latino and Black students grew the fastest among racial and ethnic subgroups, with 15% growth in Latino applicants and 12% among Black or African American applicants. Despite many colleges adopting test-optional policies, a growing number of students are choosing to submit SAT and ACT scores. The number of institutions requiring standardized test scores has dropped from 55% in 2019-20 to just 5% in 2024-25. However, the number of students submitting test scores has increased, indicating a shift in applicant behavior post-pandemic.

Why It's Important?

These trends reflect broader changes in the college admissions landscape, particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Supreme Court's decision on affirmative action. The increase in applications from underrepresented minority groups suggests efforts to improve college accessibility are having an impact. The decision by many institutions to adopt test-optional policies was initially driven by the pandemic, but the continued submission of test scores indicates that standardized testing remains a significant factor in college admissions. This shift could affect how colleges evaluate applicants and may influence future admissions policies. The decline in international applicants, the first since 2019-20, could have implications for diversity and global engagement in U.S. higher education.

What's Next?

Colleges and universities may need to reassess their admissions strategies in light of these trends. The growing diversity in the applicant pool could lead to changes in recruitment and support services for minority students. Institutions might also reconsider the role of standardized testing in admissions, balancing the benefits of test-optional policies with the continued importance of test scores for some applicants. Additionally, the decline in international applicants may prompt universities to enhance their outreach and support for international students, especially in the context of recent legal and political challenges affecting student visas.

Beyond the Headlines

The evolving landscape of college admissions raises questions about equity and access. The reliance on standardized testing, despite test-optional policies, highlights disparities in access to test preparation resources. The role of AI chatbots in providing admissions advice also underscores the need for accurate and equitable guidance for all students. Furthermore, the decline in international applicants may reflect broader geopolitical tensions and their impact on higher education.