Pressure Changes Explained
The primary culprit behind airplane headaches often relates to the pressure changes within the aircraft cabin. When ascending, the air pressure diminishes,
and while the cabins are pressurized, they're usually maintained at a lower level compared to ground level. This difference in pressure can impact the sinuses, which are air-filled cavities in the skull. These cavities are prone to blockages due to congestion, allergies, or even a slight cold, which creates a pressure imbalance. If the sinuses cannot equalize the pressure effectively, it could lead to intense pain, often experienced as a stabbing sensation. Furthermore, the middle ear, connected to the sinuses through the Eustachian tube, might also get affected. The Eustachian tube regulates pressure and the inability to do so correctly can also trigger discomfort.
Dehydration and Headaches
Another significant factor contributing to headaches on flights is dehydration. Airplanes have very low humidity levels, which means the air is dry, causing increased moisture loss from your body. When you're dehydrated, your blood volume decreases, leading to reduced blood flow to the brain. This lack of blood flow can trigger a headache. Moreover, prolonged sitting on a plane, in a static position, may increase the chances of dehydration and make headaches worse. To avoid this situation, it is essential to drink plenty of water throughout the flight and steer clear of excessive consumption of caffeinated drinks or alcohol, both of which have diuretic properties and can worsen dehydration. Additionally, opt for frequent walks within the cabin and stretch regularly to boost blood circulation.
Other Possible Triggers
Besides pressure changes and dehydration, there are several other reasons why you might experience a sudden headache while flying. The quality of air, including its lack of ventilation, can affect your overall well-being. Also, being stuck in a confined space for extended periods can contribute to stress, which might be another factor. Moreover, flickering lights or loud noises, commonly present on flights, can trigger headaches. The disruption of your normal sleep schedule, especially if you are crossing time zones, can also play a role. People with pre-existing conditions, like migraines, may be more vulnerable to developing headaches during flights. It is important to manage any pre-existing health problems before traveling.
Management and Relief
Fortunately, there are many ways to manage and relieve airplane headaches. Drinking adequate water before and during the flight is crucial to stay hydrated. You should consider taking a decongestant a few hours before the flight if you have congestion. Gentle ear-popping exercises can help equalize pressure in your ears and sinuses. Avoid alcohol and caffeine before and during the flight, as these might worsen dehydration. If you are prone to headaches, carrying some pain relievers, prescribed by a doctor, can provide fast relief. Ensure to take them as suggested. Lastly, try to rest and minimize any factors that could be triggering the headache, like loud noises or harsh lights. Regular breaks and proper posture can provide additional relief.
When to Seek Help
While most headaches during flights are temporary and can be managed through simple remedies, some might indicate underlying health issues and necessitate professional help. If you experience sudden and severe pain, especially if accompanied by other symptoms like vision changes, numbness, or fever, you should seek immediate medical attention. Additionally, if your headaches persist or worsen despite the measures taken, a visit to a doctor is a must. They can assess your condition, diagnose any underlying issues, and suggest the right medical treatment. Be sure to inform the doctor of the frequency and severity of the headaches along with other related symptoms.
