Core Principles Defined
The DNPA's Code of Ethics is a voluntary framework designed to guide digital news publishers. The primary aim of this code is to set and maintain high
standards in digital publishing, ensuring journalistic integrity. The Code is not intended to control publishers' daily operations; instead, it offers a structure for ethical conduct. The main goals of the Code of Ethics are to preserve high standards in digital publishing while protecting the freedom of journalists, content creators, and publishers. This Code aims to promote accuracy, fairness, and transparency in the digital news landscape.
Legal and Ethical Grounding
Digital news websites must adhere to the laws of the land, including the Constitution of India, over 30 media-related laws, relevant sections of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), and the Information Technology Act of 2000, where applicable. They are also expected to strictly follow the established norms of journalistic ethics and practices, with a commitment to upholding the highest standards of professional behavior. This includes multiple levels of self-regulation, encompassing specific guidelines and rigorous processes within newsrooms at the levels of journalists and editors. This ensures that the content is created in a responsible manner that does not violate any laws.
Accuracy & Fairness
The code stresses the importance of accuracy, transparency, and fairness in reporting. Members are urged to avoid publishing inaccurate, baseless, or distorted information. Pre-publication verification of facts is considered essential. Defamation must be avoided at all costs. Adherence to all applicable laws and regulations is seen as necessary. Furthermore, it encourages the presentation of information in a balanced manner, offering a complete picture of events. It emphasizes the need for fair reporting, which ensures that all perspectives are considered and accurately represented. This approach helps maintain public trust and upholds the credibility of the news source.
Right of Reply
The code addresses the right of reply, stating that news reports and articles should include comments or versions from individuals or parties who are the subject of allegations. If such comments are not initially included, the code mandates incorporating their response later. If new developments occur, the concerned party's updates must be included appropriately, with the publication date of the update clearly indicated. This practice is designed to ensure fairness and offers those mentioned in news coverage an opportunity to respond to claims made against them. The timely inclusion of updates and responses highlights the news source's commitment to balanced reporting and transparency.
Content Corrections, Removal
The code also includes guidelines for handling false or inaccurate information. If a news report or article is found to contain false or inaccurate details, the concerned person or party can provide correct information, identify themselves, and provide relevant documentation. The news source should edit or delete the affected portion of the article. If the entire article is found to be false or inaccurate, the code suggests that it should be removed completely. These procedures are in place to maintain the integrity of the news source and show its willingness to correct mistakes. The emphasis on prompt correction or removal of false information is a crucial aspect of maintaining trust.
Intellectual Property
The DNPA Code of Ethics underscores the importance of respecting intellectual property rights. This includes respecting copyright in text, photographs, plans, diagrams, and cartoons. Prior permission is required to use copyrighted material, with proper acknowledgment of moral and ownership rights. If permission requires payment, fees or royalties must be paid. The code also states that trademarks and service marks of third parties must not be used without prior permission or if such use doesn't constitute fair use. In case of intellectual property infringement, the content should be edited, deleted, or taken down after receiving a request and supporting documents.
Sensitive Reporting Matters
The Code advises caution when reporting on sensational matters and crimes. The presumption of innocence must be preserved. Comments and speculation on evidence, witnesses, accused persons, and victims should be avoided. The reporting should be based on factual information and unbiased. Special care must be taken when reporting on specific issues like sexual harassment in the workplace, child abuse, rape, cases involving minors, matrimonial, riots, communal disputes, and divorce or custody matters. The Code emphasizes the importance of balanced and sensitive reporting, especially when dealing with vulnerable groups and emotionally charged events. Journalists are encouraged to prioritize factual accuracy, protect the privacy of individuals, and avoid contributing to harmful stereotypes or misrepresentations.
IT Act Compliance
The DNPA Code of Ethics mandates compliance with Sections 67, 67A, and 67B of the Information Technology Act, 2000. These sections address penalties for publishing or transmitting obscene material, sexually explicit material, and material depicting children in sexually explicit acts, in electronic form. This requirement shows a commitment to adhering to legal standards and protecting against harmful content. It underscores the importance of online safety and the need to avoid the dissemination of content that could be detrimental to individuals or society.
Grievance Redressal
The Code also covers the grievance redressal mechanism. Members, when they are intermediaries as defined under the Information Technology Act, 2000, should follow the grievance redressal mechanisms as outlined in the Act. They are also aware of the liabilities and safe harbor protections under Section 79 of the IT Act 2000. This means they must follow the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines) Rules, 2011, including appointing a grievance officer. The grievance officer's contact details should be displayed on the website. They must act within 36 hours of receiving a complaint and resolve it within one month from receipt. This process shows the commitment to transparency and accountability.
Training and Awareness
The Code also stresses the importance of training and awareness programs. Members should conduct regular training and awareness programs with editorial staff. These programs should cover existing laws, including the Constitution of India, media-related laws, the IPC, CrPC, civil and criminal defamation, IPR, and relevant provisions relating to reporting on sensitive topics like rape, molestation, harassment in the workplace, caste or gender-related crimes, and domestic violence. Strict avoidance of victim identification, the protection of minors, and careful reporting on communal or religious disputes are also emphasized. Special care in reporting on courts and judicial matters is also advised, creating awareness among editorial staff about legislative privileges and ensuring versions from both the victim and the accused are covered, without commenting on them. Respect for the privacy of individuals, especially those not in public life, is highlighted.
