The Two Key Dates You Must Know
On Indian packaged goods, the most important terms to understand are 'Best Before' and 'Expiry/Use By'. For years, consumers have used them interchangeably, leading to confusion and unnecessary waste. However, under the Food Safety and Standards (Labelling
and Display) Regulations, 2020, they have very different meanings. The 'Date of Manufacture' (Mfg. Date) is the starting point, telling you when the product was made. But the crucial information lies in the dates that follow. Understanding the distinction is the first step to becoming a smarter shopper.
'Best Before': A Question of Quality
The term 'Best Before' is an indicator of quality, not safety. According to the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), this date signifies the end of the period during which the product will be at its peak quality. It will have the best flavour, texture, and nutritional value. After this date, the food may still be perfectly safe to eat, but its quality might have diminished. Think of biscuits that aren't as crisp or a spice mix that is less fragrant. The product is often still edible if it has been stored correctly and the packaging is intact. However, once a pack is opened, the 'Best Before' date no longer applies as exposure to air and moisture can change things quickly.
'Expiry/Use By': A Strict Safety Deadline
Unlike 'Best Before', the 'Expiry Date' or 'Use By' date is a strict deadline related to food safety. As per FSSAI guidelines, consuming a product after this date is not recommended, as it is considered unsafe. This label is typically used for highly perishable items like milk, bread, meat, and some ready-to-eat meals, where harmful bacteria can grow over time. After the 'Use By' date, the food should not be sold, donated, or consumed. FSSAI regulations mandate that 'Date of Manufacture' and 'Expiry/Use By' must be declared on the label. The 'Best Before' date can be provided as additional information.
Beyond the Date: Using Your Senses
The date label isn't the only thing to consider. Always check the physical condition of the product. Is the can dented or bulging? Is the seal broken? Are there any signs of mould or discoloration? These are immediate red flags, regardless of the printed date. For products past their 'Best Before' date but before their 'Expiry Date', your senses are your best guide. Does the food have an off-smell, a change in texture, or an unusual taste? A sour or strange odour means the product has likely spoiled. If a cream or liquid has separated, it's best to discard it. Trusting your senses, combined with understanding the labels, is the most reliable way to assess food.
Why This Matters: Your Wallet and the Planet
Misunderstanding date labels is a major contributor to household food waste in India and globally. Many consumers throw away perfectly good food simply because it is past the 'Best Before' date, mistakenly believing it is expired. This confusion doesn't just hurt your wallet; it has a significant environmental impact. When we waste food, we also waste the water, land, and energy used to produce and transport it. By learning to correctly interpret these labels, you can reduce waste, save money on your grocery bills, and make more sustainable choices. It empowers you to confidently use what’s in your pantry, ensuring that good food gets eaten, not thrown away.
