Beyond Fibre: A New Kind of Internet
When we think of broadband, we usually picture fibre optic cables or mobile towers. Satellite internet works differently. Instead of relying on ground-based infrastructure, it beams connectivity directly from space. The latest revolution comes from constellations
of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. Unlike older geostationary satellites that orbit far from Earth and cause noticeable delays (latency), LEO satellites are much closer. This allows for faster, more responsive internet service that can rival terrestrial broadband, making it a viable solution for everything from video calls and online education to streaming and enterprise operations in areas where laying cables is nearly impossible.
The Titans of the Sky Eyeing India
The race to dominate India's satellite internet market is a clash of global and domestic giants. On one side is Elon Musk’s Starlink, which has been actively pursuing regulatory approval to launch its services. Starlink has reapplied for its license to operate its next-generation satellite constellation, signaling its serious intent. On the other side is Eutelsat OneWeb, backed by India's own Bharti Enterprises. Having already completed its global LEO constellation, OneWeb has secured key approvals and is poised to launch services pending final government clearances. Not to be outdone, Reliance Jio is pursuing a two-pronged strategy: a partnership with satellite operator SES for its JioSpaceFiber service and an ambitious plan to launch its own sovereign constellation of over 1,600 LEO satellites.
The Regulatory Hurdle Finally Clears
For years, the biggest question mark hanging over satellite broadband in India has been regulation. Companies have been ready, but the framework for assigning and pricing the crucial satellite spectrum was undecided. That changed in September 2026, when the Digital Communications Commission (DCC) approved the recommendations from the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI). This move provides a clear path forward for companies to be assigned spectrum. Under the new framework, operators will likely pay a percentage of their revenue as a spectrum usage charge. While this is a landmark step, companies still require final cabinet approval and security clearances before they can begin full commercial operations.
The Real-World Promise for a Digital India
The true significance of satellite broadband isn't about faster speeds for city dwellers; it's about reaching the unreached. India has made enormous strides in digital connectivity, but millions in remote, rural, and geographically challenging areas remain underserved. As TRAI's chairman noted, satellite communication will play a vital 'complementary role' to existing networks, not replace them. This technology can bring reliable internet to schools in isolated villages, enable telemedicine services in regions without nearby hospitals, support disaster relief operations when ground infrastructure is damaged, and empower small businesses to participate in the digital economy, regardless of their location.
