A recent incident in which gas-filled balloons suddenly exploded inside the lift of a residential building in Mumbai has raised fresh concerns about the safety of balloons sold in markets and on streets. CCTV footage of the explosion shows panic breaking out as the balloons burst
moments after a vendor entered the lift, triggering alarm among residents and prompting questions about the type of gas used.While helium is typically used to fill decorative balloons, the Mumbai balloon explosion is believed to have been caused by hydrogen, a cheaper but highly flammable alternative sometimes used by sellers to cut costs. The difference between the two gases is not visible to the naked eye, and most buyers remain unaware of what they are purchasing,
increasing the risk of accidents in crowded or enclosed spaces.
Balloon vendors are a common sight in markets, often selling brightly coloured balloons filled either with normal air or gas. Experts caution that parents, especially those with young children, should avoid buying gas-filled balloons from unknown sources, as there is no easy way to verify whether the balloon contains helium or hydrogen. Air-filled balloons are considered much safer and can be inflated at home.
Safety concerns also extend to the way balloons are handled and used. Overinflating a balloon puts excessive pressure on the rubber, making it more likely to burst suddenly and cause minor injuries. Similarly, keeping inflated balloons in direct sunlight can weaken the material, as heat softens rubber and causes gases inside to expand. Gas-filled balloons, in particular, should be kept away from heat sources, open flames and sharp objects.
Children sometimes fill balloons with excessive amounts of water, which can weaken the rubber and lead to sudden bursting. Though water can absorb heat, too much weight and pressure can damage the balloon’s structure and increase the risk of injury if it pops.
Helium balloons are generally regarded as safe because helium is a non-flammable gas. Hydrogen, on the other hand, is highly flammable and can ignite or explode if it comes into contact with a spark, flame or high heat. This makes hydrogen-filled balloons especially dangerous in enclosed spaces such as lifts, homes or vehicles.
Consumers are advised to buy good-quality balloons from reliable shops, particularly for birthday parties and family functions, instead of purchasing from roadside vendors. Foil and latex balloons are often more durable than low-grade rubber ones, and tying them properly helps prevent gas from escaping.
Authorities and safety experts emphasise that the safest option for households with small children is to use air-filled balloons. If helium balloons are used, they should not be overinflated and must be kept away from sunlight and heat.
