What's Happening?
The egg industry is pressing the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) to expedite the approval of a vaccination program to combat highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). Since January 2022, HPAI has
affected nearly all 50 states, resulting in the loss of approximately 41.4 million laying hens in 2025 alone. The industry has proposed a vaccination strategy focusing on laying hens and turkeys, which would complement existing biosecurity measures. Despite the availability of a vaccine, USDA approval is pending, along with state veterinarian endorsements. The industry is particularly concerned about outbreaks during migratory seasons, which have historically led to spikes in HPAI cases.
Why It's Important?
The ongoing HPAI outbreaks have significant implications for the U.S. egg industry, affecting production and potentially leading to higher egg prices. The loss of millions of laying hens disrupts supply chains and impacts consumer markets. Additionally, the lack of a vaccination program poses challenges for international trade, as some countries may refuse imports from regions that vaccinate against HPAI. The industry's call for a vaccination program highlights the urgent need for effective disease control measures to prevent further economic losses and ensure food security.
What's Next?
The USDA's decision on the vaccination program remains pending, with industry leaders urging swift action to mitigate the impact of HPAI. If approved, the vaccination strategy would involve administering two shots to chicks and pullets, targeting areas most vulnerable to outbreaks. The industry continues to enhance biosecurity measures, but the approval and implementation of a vaccination program could provide a more robust defense against future outbreaks. Stakeholders are closely monitoring USDA's response and potential international trade implications.
Beyond the Headlines
The ethical and environmental dimensions of HPAI control are significant, as depopulation remains the primary method of managing infected flocks. The industry's push for vaccination reflects a shift towards more humane and sustainable disease management practices. Additionally, the focus on biosecurity and vaccination underscores the need for comprehensive strategies to address animal health and welfare, which are increasingly important in the context of global food production and trade.
