What's Happening?
A new study by anthropologists has provided strong evidence that Sahelanthropus tchadensis, a species first identified in the early 2000s, was capable of upright walking. This conclusion is based on the identification
of a femoral tubercle, a skeletal feature previously seen only in bipedal members of the human lineage. The research team used advanced 3D imaging and other analytical techniques to confirm several anatomical traits associated with bipedal movement. Sahelanthropus was first uncovered in Chad's Djurab desert, and early research focused on the fossil's skull. However, later analyses of additional bones, including forearm bones and a thigh bone, sparked renewed debate about the species' ability to walk upright. The study, published in Science Advances, involved a collaborative team from the University of Washington, Chaffey College, and the University of Chicago.
Why It's Important?
The findings are significant as they suggest that bipedalism evolved early in the human lineage, from an ancestor resembling today's chimpanzees and bonobos. This discovery could reshape the understanding of human evolution, providing insights into the physical adaptations that preceded the development of larger brains and more complex behaviors. The study also highlights the importance of reexamining existing fossil specimens with new technologies, which can yield fresh insights into evolutionary history. The research contributes to the ongoing debate about the classification of Sahelanthropus as a hominin, potentially positioning it as the earliest known human ancestor capable of bipedalism.
What's Next?
Further research may focus on comparing Sahelanthropus fossils with those of other early hominins to better understand the evolutionary timeline and the development of bipedalism. Scientists may also continue to explore the Djurab desert for additional fossils that could provide more context about the environment and lifestyle of Sahelanthropus. The study's findings could prompt a reevaluation of other early hominin fossils, potentially leading to new discoveries about human ancestry.
