What's Happening?
A comprehensive review commissioned by the World Health Organization (WHO) has found no strong evidence linking menopause hormone therapy (MHT) to an increased risk of dementia. The study, which analyzed
health data from over a million women, is the most thorough investigation into the cognitive effects of MHT, also known as hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The findings align with a 2024 Lancet Commission report and a recent FDA announcement, both of which found insufficient evidence to support claims that MHT affects dementia risk. The review will inform upcoming WHO guidelines on cognitive decline and dementia risk reduction, expected in 2026. Despite some studies suggesting a link between menopause and dementia, the review found inconsistent and low-certainty associations. The FDA plans to remove 'black box' warnings on MHT products, previously cautioning about dementia risks.
Why It's Important?
The findings are significant as they may influence public health guidelines and clinical practices regarding MHT. The review provides reassurance to women and healthcare providers about the safety of MHT concerning dementia risk, potentially impacting the treatment of menopausal symptoms. The FDA's decision to remove warnings could lead to increased confidence in MHT, affecting its prescription rates. This development is crucial for women's health, as MHT is effective in managing menopausal symptoms like hot flashes and osteoporosis. The study highlights the need for further research to clarify MHT's role in cognitive health, especially for women who experience premature menopause.
What's Next?
The WHO is expected to release new guidelines on reducing dementia risk in 2026, informed by this review. The FDA's removal of warnings may lead to changes in how MHT is prescribed and perceived. Further high-quality research is needed to explore MHT's impact on dementia risk, particularly in women with premature menopause. The review calls for more data on subgroups, such as those undergoing hysterectomy or oophorectomy, to better understand MHT's effects. As menopause research is underfunded, these findings may prompt increased investment in studies to build trust in MHT.
