What's Happening?
Japan and the United States are set to jointly explore rare earth mining near Minamitori Island in the Pacific Ocean. This initiative was announced by Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi following discussions
with President Trump. The collaboration aims to secure rare earth supplies and reduce reliance on China's dominance in the sector. Japan plans to begin testing the feasibility of extracting rare earth mud from depths of 6,000 meters starting in January. The area around Minamitori Island, located approximately 1,900 kilometers southeast of Tokyo, is believed to contain abundant rare earths. Surveys have confirmed the presence of rich rare earth mud at depths of 5,000 to 6,000 meters within Japan's exclusive economic zone. If initial tests prove successful, trial operations are expected to commence in January 2027, with a system capable of recovering 350 tonnes of mud per day.
Why It's Important?
The collaboration between Japan and the US on rare earth mining is significant as it addresses the strategic need to diversify sources of rare earth elements, which are crucial for various industries, including electronics and defense. Currently, China leads global rare earth extraction, and the US and Myanmar account for around 12% and 8% of production, respectively. By developing alternative sources, Japan and the US aim to enhance their maritime and economic security, reducing vulnerability to supply chain disruptions. This move could potentially shift the balance in the global rare earth market, impacting industries reliant on these materials and influencing geopolitical dynamics.
What's Next?
The next steps involve Japan beginning feasibility tests for extracting rare earth mud in January. If successful, trial operations are planned for January 2027. This project could lead to increased production capacity and a more secure supply chain for rare earth elements. Stakeholders, including government agencies and industries dependent on rare earths, will likely monitor the progress closely. The collaboration may also prompt other countries to explore similar initiatives to secure their own rare earth supplies.
Beyond the Headlines
The joint exploration of rare earths by Japan and the US highlights the growing importance of resource security in international relations. As countries seek to reduce dependence on China for critical materials, this project could set a precedent for future collaborations in resource extraction. Additionally, the environmental impact of deep-sea mining will be a consideration, as stakeholders balance economic benefits with ecological preservation.
