What's Happening?
A preliminary study set to be presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2025 has found that long-term use of melatonin supplements is associated with a higher risk of heart failure diagnosis, hospitalization, and death in patients
with chronic insomnia. The study utilized data from the TriNetX Global Research Network, reviewing five years of electronic health records for adults with chronic insomnia. Participants were divided into two groups: those who used melatonin for over a year and those who never used it. The findings revealed that long-term melatonin users had a 90% higher chance of developing heart failure compared to non-users. Additionally, melatonin users were nearly 3.5 times more likely to be hospitalized for heart failure and almost twice as likely to die from any cause over the five-year period.
Why It's Important?
The study challenges the common perception of melatonin as a safe, natural sleep aid, highlighting potential cardiovascular risks associated with its long-term use. This could have significant implications for public health, particularly in the U.S., where melatonin is widely available over-the-counter and not regulated for strength or purity. The findings may prompt healthcare providers to reconsider prescribing melatonin for extended periods, especially given that it is not officially indicated for treating insomnia in the U.S. The study underscores the need for further research to establish a direct cause-and-effect relationship and to explore the safety of melatonin for heart health.
What's Next?
The study's authors suggest that more research is needed to confirm these findings and to better understand the potential cardiovascular risks of long-term melatonin use. If further studies corroborate these results, it could lead to changes in how melatonin is marketed and prescribed, potentially affecting millions of users. Healthcare professionals may need to provide more comprehensive guidance on the use of melatonin, particularly for individuals with existing cardiovascular conditions or those at risk of heart failure.
Beyond the Headlines
The study raises ethical questions about the marketing of supplements as 'natural' and 'safe' without sufficient evidence of long-term safety. It also highlights the regulatory gap in the U.S. regarding over-the-counter supplements, which are not subject to the same rigorous testing as prescription medications. This could lead to increased scrutiny and calls for tighter regulation of dietary supplements to ensure consumer safety.
