What's Happening?
A recent analysis of the EAT-Lancet diet highlights potential iodine deficiency risks associated with its global dietary recommendations. The diet, designed to promote sustainable eating, may not provide adequate iodine intake in many countries due to variations
in iodine content in dairy products and the exclusion of iodine-rich plant-based foods. Dairy products are the primary source of iodine in the diet, but their iodine content varies significantly by country and farming practices. The study suggests that countries with low iodine levels in dairy products may face increased risks of iodine deficiency, especially if the diet's recommendations to reduce animal-source foods are widely adopted. The analysis also points out that fish and eggs, other sources of iodine in the diet, may not sufficiently meet iodine needs due to recommended intake levels.
Why It's Important?
The findings underscore the importance of considering micronutrient adequacy in global dietary guidelines, particularly iodine, which is crucial for thyroid function and overall health. The potential iodine deficiency associated with the EAT-Lancet diet could have significant public health implications, especially in countries with low dairy consumption or inadequate iodine fortification policies. This issue is particularly relevant for vulnerable groups such as pregnant women and children, who have higher iodine requirements. The study calls for the adaptation of dietary guidelines to local nutritional contexts and the implementation of contingency plans, such as iodine fortification, to ensure adequate iodine intake.
What's Next?
Countries may need to reassess their dietary guidelines and fortification policies to address the potential iodine deficiency risks highlighted by the study. Public health strategies could include promoting fortified foods or supplements to ensure adequate iodine intake, particularly in regions where iodised salt is not widely used. The EAT-Lancet Commission may also consider revising its recommendations to better address micronutrient adequacy, including iodine, in future updates of the diet.
Beyond the Headlines
The study raises broader questions about the balance between promoting sustainable diets and ensuring nutritional adequacy. While the EAT-Lancet diet aims to reduce environmental impact, its potential to cause micronutrient deficiencies highlights the need for comprehensive dietary planning that considers both health and sustainability. This issue may prompt further research into the development of dietary guidelines that effectively integrate environmental and nutritional goals.
